If you’re looking for a unique and fascinating aquatic pet, an axolotl might be exactly what you’re looking for.

These “walking fish” (which are actually amphibians!) are cute, quirky, and relatively low maintenance—as long as you know how to care for them properly.

Let’s break down everything you need to know about axolotl care, from tank setup and diet to lifespan and essential maintenance.

Axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) are fully aquatic salamanders native to the lake systems of Mexico. Unlike most amphibians, they remain in their larval stage throughout their entire lives, retaining their feathery gills and living exclusively underwater.

With their frilly external gills, permanent “smiles,” and remarkable regenerative abilities, axolotls have quickly grown in popularity within the exotic pet community.

Here’s a checklist of pet axolotl essentials to buy before bringing one home:

Item	Details
Tank	20 gallon long tank for one axolotl, but a 30 to 40 gallon tank is a better size
Filter	Low flow filter (high flow is stressful to axolotls)
Substrate	Bare bottom for babies; fine sand is ok for adults (no gravel!)
Water Conditioner	Dechlorinates tap water
Test Kit	For ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and pH levels
Cooling Method	Aquarium chiller, fan, or frozen water bottles
Hides & Decor	For shelter and enrichment
Food	Earthworms, bloodworms, axolotl pellets

1 Water Temperature

• Ideal range: 60°F to 68°F (16°C to 20°C)
• Avoid temps above 72°F since high temps can cause stress and illness

2. Water Quality

Axolotls are highly sensitive to poor water quality, so maintaining stable, clean conditions is essential for their health.

Recommended Water Parameters:

• Ammonia: 0 ppm
• Nitrite: 0 ppm
• Nitrate: below 20 ppm
• pH: 6.5 to 8.0

REMEMBER: Always cycle your tank before introducing your axolotl, and use an aquarium test kit to regularly monitor your water levels.

3. Tank Size

• Minimum of 20 gallons for one axolotl
• Add 10 extra gallons per axolotl if housing more than one

4. Substrate

• Bare bottom tanks are the easiest to clean and the safest option for preventing impaction. Baby axolotls should always be kept in bare bottom setups.

• Fine sand is acceptable when used with adult axolotls over 6 inches long, but only if it’s extremely fine (less than 1 mm grain size).

• Avoid gravel and pebbles entirely because they can cause dangerous and sometimes fatal impaction if swallowed.

Both bare bottom and fine sand setups work well, with bare bottom offering maximum safety and fine sand providing a more natural look and better traction for adult axolotls.

Axolotls are carnivores and thrive on a protein rich diet.

Best Pet Axolotl Foods:

• Earthworms – best option!
• Bloodworms – frozen or live
• High quality axolotl pellets (from reputable brands)
• Blackworms
• Occasional treats like soft shrimp and chopped nightcrawlers

❌ AVOID: Feeder fish, raw meat, and any foods with hard shells or bones, as these may cause injury or digestive issues.

• Do 25% to 50% water changes each week
• Remove uneaten food and waste daily
• Use a turkey baster or siphon to spot clean the bottom of the tank

• Axolotls can regenerate limbs, spinal cord tissue, and even parts of their heart and brain.
• Unlike frogs, they never undergo metamorphosis—they remain fully aquatic their entire lives.
• Each axolotl has its own unique, quirky personality!

Yes—and you’ll want to find an exotic animal vet that has experiencing treating amphibians. While they are generally hardy, axolotls can still experience health issues such as:

• Impaction from swallowing gravel or oversized food
• Fungus or skin infections
• Ammonia burns caused by poor water quality
• Heat stress

Regular observation, proper water conditions, and good husbandry can prevent most of these problems.

Pros	Cons
Unique and fascinating	Sensitive to water quality
Low maintenance (once setup)	Cannot be handled much (fragile skin)
Long lifespan (10 to 15 years)	Need cool water (can be hard to maintain)
Quiet and non-aggressive	Illegal in some areas

• Take your time with the setup—make sure to fully cycle your tank before introducing your axolotl.
• Maintain a cool and clean environment to keep your axolotl healthy.
• Provide a varied, high protein diet for optimal growth and vitality.
• Avoid tank mates, as even other axolotls may nip at each other.

Axolotls are captivating, low maintenance pets that can live over a decade with proper care. If you’re ready to commit, they’ll reward you with years of quiet companionship and unique aquatic charm.

If you love the idea of having your very own tiny water dragon, an axolotl might be the perfect pet for you!

Just be sure to do your research, get their habitat set up properly, and stay committed to their care. With the right preparation, you’ll have a happy, healthy axolotl to enjoy for many years to come.